How To Start a Chain Saw: Avoid Common Mistakes

What is the correct way to start a chainsaw? The correct way to start a chainsaw involves a series of steps that include ensuring proper fuel mixture, engaging the chain brake, setting the choke, priming the engine, using a proper pull starting technique, and safely operating the throttle. Following these steps significantly increases your chances of a successful start and reduces the risk of injury or damage to the chainsaw. This article will break down each step, explore common chainsaw starting problems, and provide solutions to get your saw running smoothly and safely.

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Preparing for a Safe Start: First Things First

Before you even think about pulling the starter cord, prioritize safety and preparation. This crucial step prevents accidents and ensures your chainsaw operates correctly.

Safety Gear is Non-Negotiable

• Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses or a face shield to protect against flying debris.
• Hearing Protection: Chainsaws are loud. Use earplugs or earmuffs to prevent hearing damage.
• Gloves: Heavy-duty gloves provide a better grip and protect your hands from cuts and abrasions.
• Sturdy Footwear: Wear work boots with good ankle support to maintain balance.
• Leg Protection: Chainsaw chaps are essential for protecting your legs from accidental cuts.

Chainsaw Inspection: A Must-Do Before Every Start

A quick inspection can identify potential problems before they become bigger issues.

• Chain Tension: The chain should be snug against the bar but still able to be pulled around by hand. Adjust if needed.
• Chain Sharpness: A dull chain makes starting harder and increases the risk of kickback. Sharpen or replace the chain if necessary.
• Bar Condition: Check for wear, damage, and proper lubrication.
• Fuel and Oil Levels: Ensure both the fuel and bar oil tanks are adequately filled. Use the correct chainsaw fuel mixture, typically a 50:1 ratio of gasoline to two-stroke oil.
• Spark Plug: Inspect the spark plug for cleanliness and proper gap. A fouled spark plug is a frequent cause of “chainsaw won’t start” issues.

Level Ground is Your Friend

Always start your chainsaw on a flat, stable surface. This prevents the saw from moving unexpectedly and makes it easier to maintain control. Clear the area of any obstructions, including loose branches, rocks, and your feet!

The Step-by-Step Chainsaw Starting Procedure

Follow these steps for a successful start. Different models may have minor variations, so always consult your owner’s manual.

Step 1: Engage the Chain Brake

The chain brake is a crucial safety feature. Engaging it prevents the chain from moving during starting. Typically, you engage the brake by pushing the front hand guard forward.

Step 2: Choke Position Chainsaw: Setting it Right

The choke enriches the fuel mixture, which is necessary for cold start chainsaw situations.

• Cold Engine: If the engine is cold (hasn’t been run recently), fully engage the choke. This usually involves pushing a lever or button to the “choke” position.
• Warm Engine: If the engine is warm, you might not need the choke at all, or you might only need to partially engage it. Refer to your manual.

Step 3: Priming a Chainsaw: Getting the Fuel Flowing

Most chainsaws have a primer bulb. Press it several times (usually 6-8 times) until you see fuel flowing through the clear fuel line. This draws fuel into the carburetor, making starting easier.

Step 4: Secure the Saw and Prepare to Pull

Place the chainsaw on the ground, ensuring the chain brake is engaged. Put your foot through the rear handle to hold the saw steady. Grip the starter handle firmly with your right hand.

Step 5: The Pull Starting a Chainsaw Technique

This is where many people struggle. Use a smooth, controlled pull.

1. Initial Pull: Gently pull the starter cord until you feel resistance. This engages the starter mechanism.
2. Full Pull: Give the cord a strong, swift pull. Pull the cord straight out, not at an angle.
3. Listen Carefully: If the engine sputters or tries to start, disengage the choke (move it to the “run” position) and try pulling again.
4. Repeat: If the engine doesn’t start after several pulls with the choke engaged, disengage the choke and try pulling again.

Step 6: Warm-Up and Fine-Tuning

Once the engine starts, let it warm up for a few seconds. The engine might initially run roughly. Gradually squeeze the throttle to smooth out the idle. If the chain starts moving while idling, adjust the idle speed screw on the carburetor until the chain stops.

Troubleshooting Common Chainsaw Starting Problems

Even with the best technique, you might encounter issues. Here’s how to diagnose and fix them.

Chainsaw Won’t Start: Fuel Issues

• No Fuel: Ensure there’s fuel in the tank and that it’s reaching the carburetor. Check the fuel filter for clogs.
• Old Fuel: Gasoline degrades over time. If the fuel is more than a month old, drain it and replace it with fresh fuel.
• Incorrect Fuel Mixture: Using the wrong chainsaw fuel mixture can prevent starting. Use the recommended 50:1 ratio.
• Carburetor Problems: A clogged or malfunctioning carburetor can prevent fuel from reaching the engine. Cleaning or rebuilding the carburetor might be necessary.

Flooded Chainsaw Start: Too Much Fuel

If you’ve pulled the starter cord too many times with the choke engaged, you might have flooded the engine.

1. Disengage the Choke: Move the choke to the “run” position.
2. Hold the Throttle Wide Open: This allows more air into the engine to help clear the excess fuel.
3. Pull the Starter Cord Repeatedly: Pull the cord several times until the engine starts. It might take a few tries.

Ignition System Issues

• Spark Plug Problems: A fouled, damaged, or improperly gapped spark plug can prevent starting. Clean, gap, or replace the spark plug as needed.
• Ignition Coil Problems: The ignition coil generates the spark needed to ignite the fuel. If the coil is faulty, the engine won’t start. Testing and replacing the coil might be necessary.

Compression Problems

Low compression makes starting very difficult.

• Worn Piston Rings: Worn piston rings reduce compression. This usually requires a major engine overhaul.
• Cylinder Damage: Scratches or damage to the cylinder wall can also reduce compression.

Table: Common Starting Problems and Solutions

Problem	Possible Cause(s)	Solution(s)
Chainsaw won’t start	No fuel, old fuel, incorrect fuel mixture	Add fresh fuel, use correct fuel mixture (50:1), check fuel filter.
Flooded engine	Over-priming, excessive choking	Disengage choke, hold throttle open, pull starter cord repeatedly.
Weak or no spark	Fouled spark plug, faulty ignition coil	Clean, gap, or replace spark plug; test and replace ignition coil.
Low compression	Worn piston rings, cylinder damage	Check compression (requires specialized tools); consider engine overhaul or replacement.
Difficult to pull starter cord	Chain brake engaged, engine flooded, low compression	Disengage chain brake, de-flood engine, check compression.

Preventing Starting Problems: Maintenance is Key

Regular maintenance is crucial for preventing starting problems and extending the life of your chainsaw.

• Use Fresh Fuel: Always use fresh fuel mixed with the correct amount of two-stroke oil.
• Clean the Air Filter: A dirty air filter restricts airflow and can cause starting problems. Clean or replace the air filter regularly.
• Maintain the Spark Plug: Clean and gap the spark plug regularly. Replace it when necessary.
• Sharpen the Chain: A sharp chain reduces strain on the engine and makes starting easier.
• Store the Chainsaw Properly: Store the chainsaw in a dry, clean place. Drain the fuel tank before long-term storage.

Advanced Techniques and Considerations

Beyond the basics, consider these advanced techniques for optimal chainsaw operation.

Adjusting the Carburetor

The carburetor controls the fuel-air mixture. Adjusting it can improve performance and starting. However, carburetor adjustments should only be done by experienced users or qualified technicians. Incorrect adjustments can damage the engine.

Winter Starting Tips

Starting a chainsaw in cold weather can be more challenging.

• Use a Winter-Grade Fuel Mixture: Some manufacturers recommend using a slightly richer fuel mixture in cold weather.
• Warm the Engine: Before starting, try warming the engine slightly with a heat gun or hairdryer. Be careful not to overheat it.
• Extended Choking: You might need to use the choke for a longer period in cold weather.

When to Call a Professional

If you’ve tried all the troubleshooting steps and your chainsaw still won’t start, it’s time to call a qualified chainsaw technician. They have the expertise and tools to diagnose and repair more complex problems.

Conclusion

Starting a chainsaw safely and effectively requires attention to detail and a systematic approach. By following the steps outlined in this guide and practicing proper maintenance, you can minimize starting problems and keep your chainsaw running smoothly for years to come. Remember, safety is paramount. Always wear appropriate safety gear and follow the manufacturer’s instructions. By addressing common chainsaw starting problems and understanding the chainsaw starting procedure, you’ll be well-equipped to tackle any cutting task.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

• Why won’t my chainsaw start after sitting for a long time? Old fuel is the most common culprit. Fuel degrades over time, forming gum and varnish that can clog the carburetor. Drain the old fuel and replace it with fresh fuel. You might also need to clean the carburetor.
• Can I use regular gasoline in my chainsaw? No. Chainsaws require a mixture of gasoline and two-stroke oil. Using regular gasoline without oil will damage the engine. Always use the recommended chainsaw fuel mixture.
• How often should I sharpen my chainsaw chain? Sharpen the chain whenever it becomes dull. Signs of a dull chain include difficulty cutting, excessive sawdust, and the chain pulling to one side.
• What is the correct choke position chainsaw for a warm engine? For a warm engine, you typically don’t need the choke at all, or you might only need to partially engage it. Refer to your owner’s manual for specific instructions.
• My chainsaw starts but dies immediately. What could be the problem? This could be due to several factors, including a clogged fuel filter, a malfunctioning carburetor, or an air leak. Check the fuel filter first, then consider having the carburetor cleaned or rebuilt.
• Is priming a chainsaw always necessary? Priming helps draw fuel into the carburetor, making starting easier, especially after the saw has been sitting for a while. While not always strictly necessary, it’s generally a good practice.
• What should I do with a flooded chainsaw start situation? If you’ve flooded the engine, disengage the choke, hold the throttle wide open, and pull the starter cord repeatedly until the engine starts.